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Overview

The four stomach regions comprise three functional units (cardia, body and fundus, pylorus), each composed of the expected four tunics.  The stomach continues digestion by secreting pepsin to aid in protein digestion, producing an acidic fluid, and churning via the thick muscularis externa.  Hormones secreted by enteroendocrine cells modulate digestion.  10x

Mucosa > <p>The mucosal epithelium of the stomach is modified to form a sheet gland that invaginates into lamina propria, forming gastric pits.  Gastric glands begin at the bases of these pits and extend to muscularis mucosae.</p>

Mucosa >

The mucosal epithelium of the stomach is modified to form a sheet gland that invaginates into lamina propria, forming gastric pits.  Gastric glands begin at the bases of these pits and extend to muscularis mucosae.

 - Sheet gland <p>The mucosal epithelium of the stomach is modified to form a sheet gland that invaginates into lamina propria, forming gastric pits.  Gastric glands begin at the bases of these pits and extend to muscularis mucosae.</p>

- Sheet gland

The mucosal epithelium of the stomach is modified to form a sheet gland that invaginates into lamina propria, forming gastric pits.  Gastric glands begin at the bases of these pits and extend to muscularis mucosae.

 - Lamina propria <p>The mucosal epithelium of the stomach is modified to form a sheet gland that invaginates into lamina propria, forming gastric pits.  Gastric glands begin at the bases of these pits and extend to muscularis mucosae.</p>

- Lamina propria

The mucosal epithelium of the stomach is modified to form a sheet gland that invaginates into lamina propria, forming gastric pits.  Gastric glands begin at the bases of these pits and extend to muscularis mucosae.

 - Muscularis mucosae <p>The mucosal epithelium of the stomach is modified to form a sheet gland that invaginates into lamina propria, forming gastric pits.  Gastric glands begin at the bases of these pits and extend to muscularis mucosae.</p>

- Muscularis mucosae

The mucosal epithelium of the stomach is modified to form a sheet gland that invaginates into lamina propria, forming gastric pits.  Gastric glands begin at the bases of these pits and extend to muscularis mucosae.

 - Gastric pits <p>The mucosal epithelium of the stomach is modified to form a sheet gland that invaginates into lamina propria, forming gastric pits.  Gastric glands begin at the bases of these pits and extend to muscularis mucosae.</p>

- Gastric pits

The mucosal epithelium of the stomach is modified to form a sheet gland that invaginates into lamina propria, forming gastric pits.  Gastric glands begin at the bases of these pits and extend to muscularis mucosae.

 - Gastric glands <p>The mucosal epithelium of the stomach is modified to form a sheet gland that invaginates into lamina propria, forming gastric pits.  Gastric glands begin at the bases of these pits and extend to muscularis mucosae.</p>

- Gastric glands

The mucosal epithelium of the stomach is modified to form a sheet gland that invaginates into lamina propria, forming gastric pits.  Gastric glands begin at the bases of these pits and extend to muscularis mucosae.

Submucosa > <p>The submucosa is composed of dense connective tissue.  The gastic muscularis externa is composed of three layers of smooth muscle instead of the usual two; however, the additional internal oblique layer is inconsistently present.  The stomach is covered on its exterior surface by a serosa because this organ protrudes into the peritoneal cavity.</p>

Submucosa >

The submucosa is composed of dense connective tissue. The gastic muscularis externa is composed of three layers of smooth muscle instead of the usual two; however, the additional internal oblique layer is inconsistently present. The stomach is covered on its exterior surface by a serosa because this organ protrudes into the peritoneal cavity.

Muscularis externa <p>The submucosa is composed of dense connective tissue.  The gastic muscularis externa is composed of three layers of smooth muscle instead of the usual two; however, the additional internal oblique layer is inconsistently present.  The stomach is covered on its exterior surface by a serosa because this organ protrudes into the peritoneal cavity.</p>

Muscularis externa

The submucosa is composed of dense connective tissue. The gastic muscularis externa is composed of three layers of smooth muscle instead of the usual two; however, the additional internal oblique layer is inconsistently present. The stomach is covered on its exterior surface by a serosa because this organ protrudes into the peritoneal cavity.

Serosa <p>The submucosa is composed of dense connective tissue.  The gastic muscularis externa is composed of three layers of smooth muscle instead of the usual two; however, the additional internal oblique layer is inconsistently present.  The stomach is covered on its exterior surface by a serosa because this organ protrudes into the peritoneal cavity.</p>

Serosa

The submucosa is composed of dense connective tissue. The gastic muscularis externa is composed of three layers of smooth muscle instead of the usual two; however, the additional internal oblique layer is inconsistently present. The stomach is covered on its exterior surface by a serosa because this organ protrudes into the peritoneal cavity.